Сочинение: Ecology

Сочинение: Ecology

Ecology

We live on a very beautiful planet – on the Earth. Our planet has very rich

resources: the bright blue of the sky, fresh, crystal-clear mountain lake

water, the rich green of the mountains slopes, wild flower, picturesque views

– all these sceneries of nature fill us with admiration.

That’s why those who live in cities prefer spending their days off and their

holidays far from the noise of the city, to be closer to nature. Perhaps they

like to breathe fresh air or to swim in clear water because the ecology is

not so poor as in the cities.

Ecology is the study of the ways in which organisms (plants and animals)

depend upon each other and upon their surroundings. Each organism requires

conditions in order to be able to live and breed. These conditions are its

environment by changing the ecological conditions.

So, pollution is one of the most burning problems of nowadays. Now millions

of chimneys, cars, buses, trucks all over the world exhaust fumes and harmful

substances into the atmosphere. These poisoned substances pollute everything:

air, land, water, birds and animals people. So, it is usually hard to breathe

in the large cities where there are lots plants. Everything there is covered

with soot and dirt. All these affect harmfully.

Water pollution is very serious, too. Ugly rivers of dirty water polluted

with factory waste, poisoned fish are all-round us. And polluted air and

poisoned water lead to the end of the civilization. So, nowadays a lot of

dead lands and lifeless areas have appeared. Because our actions and dealings

can turn the land to a desert.

So, we see that our environment offers an abundance of subject matter for

discussion. The problems and prospects of the blue planet interest not only

scientist and futurologists, but also politicians, industry, the public – and

above all, young people! There is hardly a young person who is not conserved

with the preservation of our natural habitat. To recognize environmental

problems and master them, to reduce and avoid environmental pollution, to

discover and develop ecologically sound technologies – there are the

essential building blocks for our future.

Whether scientist or politicians, bankers or student, whether Greek,

Norwegian, Hungarian or Finn . all are encouraged to make a contribution

towards protecting the environment. Dedication and the courage to change

one’s way of thinking are called for.

We are to stop pollution. So, we can grow plants and trees, to purify waste,

to start urgent campaigns in order to preserve environment For example, in

1989 in Australia, Sydney. In a year the same kind of action was held all

over Australia and it was called “Clean up Australia” the following years 110

countries hold the similar actions within the ecological program of the UNO.

Nowadays there are many different pressure and interests groups in British,

which try to find solutions to the problems of pollution at the national and

international level. So they are groups of people with a common interest in

trying to draw the public attention to environment problems, to influence the

government decisions.

Greenpeace is a very famous pressure group. It started functioning in 1971.

Its headquarters are at Amsterdam, but it operates in 25 countries worldwide.

The aim of Greenpeace is to protect wildlife of toxic wastes, nuclear tests.

“Friends of the Earth” (FoE) is one of the British pressure groups with an

international reputation. Its general aim is to conserve the planet’s

resources and reduce pollution. FoE was established in 1971 and now it

operated in 44 countries worldwide. It campaigns among other things, for

recycling and renewable energy, and the destruction of wildlife and habitat.

The main campaigning issues of the FoE are:

· The protection of all animals and plants in danger of extinction.

· An end to the destruction of wildlife and habitats.

· A program of energy conservation measures, etc.

So, a number of campaigns resulted in:

· The ban or other hunting in England and Wales

· And indefinite delay in the construction of the Commercial East

Breeder Reactor, etc.

But not only great groups can influence the problem of pollution. So,

different people have their own opinions on this problem:

· The continued pollution of the earth, if unchecked, well eventually

destroys the fitness of this planet as a place for human life. (B. Commoner).

· The Earth has enough for every man’s need, but not for man’s greed.

(Ganlui).

And I agree with them because it is really so. And terrible examples prove them.

The Baltic Sea is a special case. Because it is such a small sea and it

becomes dirty very easily. Its waster changes slowly through the shallow

straits. As many as 250 rivers run into the Baltic. There are hundreds of

factories in these rivers and millions of people live along them. Quite a lot

of big cities lie on its coast. All these combined with the active navigation

of the sea naturally affects the state of the sea water and the shore line

flora and fauna. People suffer from the waster pollution; cancer deaths

increase people’s concern.

And there is no escape from this ecological crisis without organizing a

single body dealing with the environmental problems, developing and carrying

out a nationwide program of environmental protection and co-operating with

international schemes.

Population Fears.

Scientists now predict that by the year 2050 the population will be doubled

what is today. The fact remains that the rate of food production fell behind

population growth in many of developing countries. The annual fish catch

already exceeds what the world ‘s oceans can successfully sustain. If we go

on using our natural recourses at today’s rates, we will have used up the

intire reserves of cooper, natural gas and oil by the year 2054.

But the problem ahead lie not so much in what we use but in what we waste.

What faces us is not so much a recourse crisis as a pollution crisis. The

only solution is to try to change the areas of consumption, technology and

population. Changes in technology must be baked by slower population growth.

And it can be achieved by education in health and women’s rights. And there

is a little hope of reducing consumption over the next half century.